Tech Tuesday - Applications of lasers in architecture

Applications of lasers in architecture

Laser scanning are essential for pre-existing architectures-that is from the start to the final stage of construction. Data collected from the scans are important because information that supports analysis, design and prefabrication are provided to the architects. 3D scanning offers a cost-effective, accurate and a resourceful means of capturing data which is necessary for design documentation and construction. The data obtained has a continued value during basic services involved for architectural contract. Its accuracy reduces construction rework. High definition scanner allows non-destructive technique for recording 3D image for a building. Its distinctive ability to accurately record flat and irregular surfaces makes it a precious tool within an industry. When appropriately scanned in a field, the consequential data will capture each nuance of the building’s surface, like the variations on the surface plane of rusticated stone wall, or the distension and tilts in apparently horizontal planar wall and floors. Modern designs seek on creating buildings with many undulating surfaces or non-planar walls hence 3D scanning is demanded and an effective method of gaining accurate documentation for design and construction.

Laser scanning in architectural field result in high precision and the choice of materials is unlimited. Implementation of 3D scanners creates even building information modeling (BIM) workflow that is from acquiring of data to a polished architectural model. Scanning to BIM service is becoming popular thus the growth of 3D scanners. The uses of 3D scanners assist while creating something from initial study to refined rendering of the location. It in turn provides data to generate polished and accurate deliverable. In development stage laser scanning construction enables architects to work with finer details without documenting excessively.

Laser Scanning being the modest measurement technique, it allows an individual to monitor the progress of construction and verify the exactness of work. Whether using it as a gadget for quality control, proving contract fulfillment, identifying and determining clashes between a plan and the reality. Laser scanning so provides an extensive documentation of the site unrivaled through other technologies. The reference points from original scanning and from registration process permits for seamless assimilation and instant clash detection.

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Tech Tuesday - Applications of lasers in historical preservation

Applications of lasers in historical preservation

Capturing our legacy and artifacts within its existing state is vital for preservation and also to gain comprehensive knowledge. The use of 3D scanners allows current state data to be captured promptly including images with no disruption and getting in touch with the artifacts. Analysis and visualization is performed easily inn a virtual environment created. Laser scanning are essential for pre-existing historical preservation. Modeling construction from point clouds grants avenues for surveying virtual interactivity especially in inaccessible environment. The use of laser scanners together with digital documentation techniques and also traditional method it provides a useful way of documenting spatial characteristics of the sites. Through this spatial information provided the archaeologist, conservators and site managers are able monitor sites and perform any renovation work which ensures physical integrity.

3D terrestrial scanners are becoming a common technique which is accepted because of it’s entirety, accuracy and fastness specifications. It is able to document historical tribute façade information in a 3D environment, owing to its capability of providing users with superior spatial data for constructions in difficult 3D scenes within a short time. The colored point cloud information/data obtained from the 3D scanner is used to offer a realistic notion of a monument for users to navigate the view point around it and viewing it from all angles. This technique provides high efficiency in data collection which is useful in unreachable places. Digital photogrammetry and scanning using lasers are the two main techniques used in acquiring data for digital heritage models. Digital photogrammetry method for capturing objects is already established. Combination of digital photogrammetry and laser scanning produces a better 3D model. FARO photon scanners captures up to a 976,000 points/second that is 153metres. These systems are based on phase shift measurement principle and provide large field of view of about 360⁰ for horizontal direction and 320⁰ for vertical direction.

Data obtained are made accessible to a wider audience. This data facilitates educational purpose and also opening up these sites for the general public to take electronic tour via virtual tourism. Lasers are also used in historical space preservation. A laser in preservation of cultural heritage offers a systematic outline of the fundamental and applications of laser scanning techniques in artwork preservation and also archaeological science.

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Tech Tuesday - Application of laser in interior design

Application of laser in interior design

Interior design involves planning of indoor spaces and ensuring objects are placed inside whether it’s for a private residence, recreational, business or commercial space. It takes advantage of high- tech material thus laser technology is used for creating unique and matchless items. Laser technology combines high-quality devise and elegant products to produce a brilliant result that satisfies the customers.

There are various applications of laser in interior design. They include: manufacture of wooden furniture, textiles, furnishings, tiles and granite objects, Velcro and polyester material, laser cutting, engraving of materials, marking, etc. Laser scanning is more profitable since with the unlimited choice of materials, it grants you freedom while designing your personal model.

Laser technology has enabled individuals to customize their materials accordingly. Natural woods, MDF and other materials are cut and engraved concurrently. Lasers also produce fine work even on contour curves and indentations below 0.1mm. The use of cutters or saws is inconceivable for this process. Designs which are based on sketches are advanced by use of software which in turn transfers information into manageable format. The uses of laser in modern manufacturing industry result in time saving.

Holography is applicable in interior design. Specific kind of holograms allows each colour of diverse objects within a scene. Others allow partial mixing of colours at some specific views. In order to display these colours laser beams of red, blue and green are dropped on holograms. Designers employ technical holograms to attract the viewers, hence excellence in design.

Laser cutting, digital knitting and CNC machining are technologies and tools used in interior and fashion design. Digital knitting technology enables dresses to be weaved from digital fashion design.

The advantages of using laser in interior design includes

• It is simple in productivity through PC design program.
• Has high precision of fit
• High edge quality for both interior and exterior contours. No fraying of fabric in that it’s lint-free and clean.
• Tools do not wear or lose quality.
• There is significant prospective of cost saving for a higher quality raw materials.
• Since its contact free and force free processing then there is no material fixation.

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Tech Tuesday - Applications of lasers in ship building

Applications of lasers in ship building

A high-accuracy method of building commercial ships is anticipated to reduce the amount of time required for building a ship and also to improve the quality of a product. Laser and arc welding is employed such that a hybrid laser arc welding technique is achieved and it uses low heat welding. It also reduces deformations of the welded parts.

Hybrid laser arc welding coalesce the deep welding penetration and the associated heat input is low and the laser welding with power efficiency and greater gap tolerance of Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) thus creates a new welding alternative. Deep penetrations and faster welding speeds in laser welding leads to reduction of heat infusion into the part and consequently reduction of distortion that causes plates to bulge and warp. Addition of GMAW in tandem with the laser and moderate amount of filler metal creates a wider weld bead which is capable of bridging large weld gaps. Addition of GMAW on to the welding mix enhances metallurgical stability, with a slower cooling rate of GMAW result in welds with less brittleness, greater strength, tough and ductile. Hybrid laser arc welding process resolves a demerit of laser-only welding. It has allowed the industries to shift to higher strength and designs which are of lightweight without distortions that usually result from conventional welding. Hybrid laser arc welding is used to build ship decks and stairs. In shipbuilding metallic sandwich panels are used. Sandwich panels have three layer structures, which consist of a higher strength material which is separated by low weight and density core material. It is designed with fiber reinforced polymer composite.

Construction application for ship building

Owing to the stiffness of steel sandwich panels, it can span over a longer distance. It also holds more floors hence providing enough space. Sandwich panels have two main advantages in transportation industry. Its reduced weight result in saving fuel cost. Reduced weight allows a subsequent increase of the product volume and also cargo weight. A Sandwich panel structure offers a highly superfluous load path. If at any instant is damaged the load is redistributed and it absorbs energy from the crash thus protecting the cargo and passengers.

Hybrid laser arc welding reduces production cost, improves weariness and corrosion life, and reduced phase costs thus has led to improvement in manufacturing fields.

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Tech Tuesday - Applications of lasers in crime scenes

Applications of lasers in crime scenes

FARO Laser Scanner provides a precise record of the whole scene by touching the button this permits the site be returned to its normal after a short time. A 3D scanner replaces crime scene sketches. Forensic scientists have come up with a technique which analyzes line of sight, blood group antigens and bullet trajectories to harmonize other techniques like offender’s height evaluation from surveillance video. The applications include

        i) Preserves evidence digitally

Evidences collected from the scene using 3D laser scanner are preserved digitally, so that investigators can use data stored from the crime scene to carry on their investigations. Investigators operating exclusive of the help of laser scanners, data is lost. With the use of digitally preserved crime scene, investigators can trace back - virtually - and get the measurements needed. It also provides the view of whatever it has captured like a person.

ii) Room visualization

This is achieved from one or more color range data files. A 3D color model offers realistic views of scanned scene. With the use of several software tools measurements for any scene within a certain point can be collected.

iii) Bullet Trajectories

Implementation of laser scanner on to the workflow generates benefits. Once the laser has scanned data it is brought into a software program where the data points are registered, hence a 3D photorealistic model is generated. Addition of 3D sight lines on to a model for simulations and analysis enables investigators to calculate easily bullet trajectories. This model is used in courtrooms to accurately and also interactively bring adjudicators to the crime scene. Generating this model of a scene aids the jury to come up with decisions through judgment. The versatility of laser scanners provides for high resolution credentials for both indoor and outdoor scenes thus helps the investigators to develop efficient workflow within a shorter time.

iv) Blood stain analysis:

Blood stain is one of the forms of evidence in crime scene. Laser technology in conjunction with FARO Scene Bloodstain plug in is authenticated and highly efficient technique for performing area-of-origin analysis with an advantage of incorporating non-orthogonal surfaces. This has enabled technicians to work with blood stain photos using 3D model hence produce blood trajectories which are viewed within the scene.

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